AVM

Protein name	Hemagglutinin
Uniprot protein ID	C3W627
Protein length	566 amino acids
Protein description	The HA protein is translated as an uncleaved HA0 precursor protein, folded as a trimer, and glycosylated and acylated. The HA protein binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the cell surface, bringing about the attachment of the virus particle to the cell. This attachment induces virion internalization either through clathrin-dependent endocytosis or through clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway. Plays a major role in the determination of host range restriction and virulence. Class I viral fusion protein. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in HA2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide. Several trimers are required to form a competent fusion pore.

Pubmed ID	24109242
Clinical information	No
Disease	-
Published year	2013
Journal	J Virol
Title	Evolution of the hemagglutinin protein of the new pandemic H1N3 influenza virus: maintaining optimal receptor binding by compensatory substitutions
Author	Robert P de Vries,Erik de Vries,Carles Martínez-Romero,Ryan McBride,Frank J van Kuppeveld
Evidence	Two changes (S186P and S188T) were shown to increase the receptor-binding avidity of HA, whereas two others (A137T and A202T) decreased binding avidity.